The brain of the computer is called the central processing unit of treatment (central processing unit of treatment). It is located inside the principal box on a printed electric circuit called a mother chart; it is a 'microphone-piece ', a piece of in ceramics-like material which has billion electric connections microscopic engraved with the etching on him. Any form of information (words, images, noises, numbers) can be converted into electric signals which are 'input ' with the piece. Electric connections on the piece make it possible these signals to be compared with another and to be combined between them according to a 'program ' it of the 'processes ' or operate information in a new form, which becomes the 'output ' the electric signal of the piece. Differently in a computer is conceived to take human information and to convert it into electric signals of entry for the piece, or to take the output signals of the chip and to again convert them with a form that the human ones can identify. These other components are called 'peripherals ', or the right apparatuses of entry and exit.

Something has said the chip what to do with each input signal to combine it with other input signals to exit the program. The program is a little more information, it is written in a 'programming language 'which is a cross between French and algebra. An input device called 'interpreter "or 'compiler 'convert the program into typed input signals from the chip. The chip combines the provision of other information with the program to create its output signals. All information on the chip must be in the form of a simple electrical signal: voltage (or high voltage) vs. off (or low voltage). This simple signal is represented by a "1 " (ON or high) compared to a '0 '(OFF or down) in writing programs. Each letter of the alphabet, all the numbers, each color, each location on the computer screen, each sound a code in terms of a long sequence of 1 's and 0 's (voltage signals), such as: 100111010100011101.

Since this form of coding is slow and difficult to remember, programming languages are constructed so that the program writer puts into words and special symbols (for operations like the comparison of two codes, a code stored temporarily in the computer 's memory chip, etc.), language and manages its own program to convert them into the 1 and 0 codes. As languages are becoming more advanced, they have basically become complex programs themselves: they tell the CPU how to convert the instructions in the user 1 and 0 codes. A long series of instructions is a program, and is also called a 'code' for this program. The 1 's and 0 's are called 'machine language code '- because they directly control the electrical signals of the chip - and instructions on what to do with each unit of information is called "assembly language code." Most programmers to write in a 'high-level language '( eg C + + or Visual Basic or Java), who runs a small program to convert itself into machine code. In high-level languages types of instructions you write things like: Open a window on the screen Take the words of this file and displayed in the window, highlight the word that the mouse (see below) is complete, etc.